The intricate process of protein synthesis is fundamental to the survival of all living organisms. This complex sequence involves two main stages: transcription and translation. During transcription, the genetic information encoded in DNA is replicated into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. This mRNA molecule then travels to ribosomes, where during

Proteins are fundamental biological molecules driving a vast array of organismal processes. Their diverse functions stem directly from their intricate folded structures. A protein's conformation is determined by the arrangement of its constituent amino acids, which are connected in chains. This linear sequence dictates the protein's higher-order st